International Journal of

ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES

EISSN: 2313-3724, Print ISSN: 2313-626X

Frequency: 12

line decor
  
line decor

 Volume 12, Issue 7 (July 2025), Pages: 47-54

----------------------------------------------

 Original Research Paper

Examining the effects of employee loyalty, work discipline, and intrinsic motivation on employee performance: A case study of Puskesmas in Nganjuk Regency, Indonesia

 Author(s): 

 Nadya Aulia Sumarjiansyah 1, Yuly Peristiowati 1, Sumarji Sumarji 2, Wawan Herry Setyawan 3, *

 Affiliation(s):

  1Faculty of Public Health, Universitas Strada Indonesia, Kota Kediri, Indonesia
  2Magister of Agribusiness, Postgraduate Program, Universitas Islam Kadiri, Kota Kediri, Indonesia
  3Department of English Education, Faculty of Education, Universitas Islam Kadiri, Kota Kediri, Indonesia

 Full text

    Full Text - PDF

 * Corresponding Author. 

   Corresponding author's ORCID profile:  https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6612-0695

 Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2025.07.005

 Abstract

This study examines the impact of employee loyalty, work discipline, and intrinsic motivation on employee performance at Puskesmas in Nganjuk Regency, East Java, Indonesia. Performance improvement is influenced by various factors, including these three elements, which significantly affect achieving organizational goals and the quality of healthcare services. Using a cross-sectional design and quantitative approach, data were collected from 105 Puskesmas employees selected through proportional random sampling. Data analysis was conducted using cross-tabulation (Cross-tab) and multiple linear regression (MLR). The findings reveal that employee loyalty, work discipline, and intrinsic motivation significantly influence employee performance, highlighting the critical role of work discipline and intrinsic motivation in enhancing performance. Although employee loyalty shows a moderate effect, it remains essential for boosting motivation and performance. These results provide valuable insights for human resource management in healthcare, emphasizing the need for strategies focused on enhancing work discipline, employee well-being, and intrinsic motivation to optimize performance. Furthermore, the findings can inform decision-making processes related to human resource management and support the development of programs that improve intrinsic motivation and work discipline to enhance service quality at Puskesmas.

 © 2025 The Authors. Published by IASE.

 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

 Keywords

 Employee performance, Work discipline, Intrinsic motivation, Employee loyalty, Healthcare management

 Article history

 Received 27 October 2024, Received in revised form 25 March 2025, Accepted 7 June 2025

 Acknowledgment

We thank various parties, especially our University Strada Indonesia, Kediri colleagues. All made valuable contributions to the manuscript, and various suggestions and ideas helped the authors improve the quality of this study. 

 Compliance with ethical standards

 Ethical considerations

Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to data collection. Participation was voluntary, and confidentiality was ensured.

 Conflict of interest: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

 Citation:

 Sumarjiansyah NA, Peristiowati Y, Sumarji S, and Setyawan WH (2025). Examining the effects of employee loyalty, work discipline, and intrinsic motivation on employee performance: A case study of Puskesmas in Nganjuk Regency, Indonesia. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 12(7): 47-54

  Permanent Link to this page

 Figures

  Fig. 1  Fig. 2 

 Tables

  Table 1  Table 2  Table 3  Table 4 

----------------------------------------------   

 References (31)

  1. Alshurideh MT, Al Kurdi B, Alzoubi HM, Akour I, Obeidat ZM, and Hamadneh S (2023). Factors affecting employee social relations and happiness: SM-PLUS approach. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 9(2): 100033.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100033    [Google Scholar]
  2. Armstrong DM and Turner MJ (2023). A rational-emotive-behavior therapy mindfulness approach to working within the elite player performance plan. Case Studies in Sport and Exercise Psychology, 7(1): 79-88.  https://doi.org/10.1123/cssep.2023-0003    [Google Scholar]
  3. Christoffersen J, Plenborg T, and Seitz M (2024). Compensation shifting from salary to dividends. European Accounting Review, 33(5): 1951-1980.  https://doi.org/10.1080/09638180.2023.2226724    [Google Scholar]
  4. Dariansyah D (2018). Pengaruh disiplin kerja, motivasi dan kualitas pelayanan terhadap kinerja pegawai kantor pelayanan pajak pratama kramat jati. Jurnal Sosio E-Kons, 10(2): 150-164.  https://doi.org/10.30998/sosioekons.v10i2.2671    [Google Scholar]
  5. Harianto GP, Rusijono R, Masitoh S, and Setyawan WH (2020). Collaborative-cooperative learning model to improve theology students' characters: Is it effective? Cakrawala Pendidikan, 39(2): 409-421.  https://doi.org/10.21831/cp.v39i2.31272    [Google Scholar]
  6. Hasibuan HA (2023). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan partisipatif dan beban kerja terhadap kinerja pegawai yang dimediasi oleh stres kerja pada Universitas Islam Negeri Sumatera Utara. Maneggio: Jurnal Ilmiah Magister Manajemen, 6(2): 103-111.  https://doi.org/10.30596/maneggio.v6i2.15587    [Google Scholar]
  7. Hastuti SWM and Setyawan W (2021). Community service in study potential technology of education tour and business prospects of traders in Tulungagung. Mitra Mahajana: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2(2): 134-144.  https://doi.org/10.37478/mahajana.v2i2.952    [Google Scholar]
  8. Herzberg F (1965). The motivation to work among Finnish supervisors. Personnel Psychology, 18(4): 393-402.  https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.1965.tb00294.x    [Google Scholar]
  9. Hongyun T, Kankam WA, Appiah-Twum F, and Akolgo IG (2019). Effect of social capital on firm performance: The role of entrepreneurial orientation and dynamic capability. International Review of Management and Marketing, 9(4): 63-73.  https://doi.org/10.32479/irmm.8108    [Google Scholar]
  10. Huang M, Geng S, Yang W, Law KM, and He Y (2024). Going beyond the role: How employees' perception of corporate social responsibility fuels proactive customer service performance. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 76: 103565.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jretconser.2023.103565    [Google Scholar]
  11. Junça Silva A, Burgette AR, and Fontes da Costa J (2024). Toward a sustainable world: Affective factors explain how emotional salary influences different performance indicators. Sustainability, 16(5): 2198.  https://doi.org/10.3390/su16052198    [Google Scholar]
  12. Lang JJ, Yang LF, Cheng C, Cheng XY, and Chen FY (2023). Are algorithmically controlled gig workers deeply burned out? An empirical study on employee work engagement. BMC Psychology, 11: 354.  https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-023-01402-0    [Google Scholar] PMid:37876010 PMCid:PMC10598991
  13. Li R, Liu H, Chen Z, and Wang Y (2023). Dynamic and cyclic relationships between employees' intrinsic and extrinsic motivation: Evidence from dynamic multilevel modeling analysis. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 140: 103813.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2022.103813    [Google Scholar]
  14. Liaquat M, Ahmed G, Ismail H, Ain QU, Irshad S, Izhar SS, and Mughal MT (2024). Impact of motivational factors and green behaviors on employee environmental performance. Research in Globalization, 8: 100180.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2023.100180    [Google Scholar]
  15. Marrucci L, Daddi T, and Iraldo F (2024). Creating environmental performance indicators to assess corporate sustainability and reward employees. Ecological Indicators, 158: 111489.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2023.111489    [Google Scholar]
  16. Maslow AH (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4): 370-396.  https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346    [Google Scholar]
  17. Maslow AH (1958). A dynamic theory of human motivation. In: Stacey CL and DeMartino M (Eds.), Understanding human motivation: 26–47. Howard Allen Publishers, Cleveland, USA.  https://doi.org/10.1037/11305-004    [Google Scholar]
  18. Mukhibat M, Effendi M, Setyawan WH, and Sutoyo M (2024). Development and evaluation of religious moderation education curriculum at higher education in Indonesia. Cogent Education, 11(1): 2302308.  https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2024.2302308    [Google Scholar]
  19. Nurpribadi G, Rulianti E, and Banteni FRA (2024). The influence of compensation, motivation, and work discipline on employee performance. Lomata International Journal of Management, 5(1): 294–307.  https://doi.org/10.52728/ijjm.v5i1.1057    [Google Scholar]
  20. Panjaitan B, Rahmiyati AL, and Vidiarti Y (2024). Analysis of public health insurance program, performance-based capitation and service quality on patient satisfaction of level I service facilities in Nganjuk regency. Jurnal Ekbis, 25(1): 684-708.    [Google Scholar]
  21. Raya MKF, Siswati V, Kawakip AN, Tohari A, Setyawan WH, and Mukhibat M (2023). Menyama braya: Balinese Hindu-Muslim ethnoreligious construction in the creation of peace education. Cogent Arts and Humanities, 10(1): 2237289.  https://doi.org/10.1080/23311983.2023.2237289    [Google Scholar]
  22. Rifai M, Masitoh S, Bachri BS, Setyawan WH, Nurdyansyah N, and Puspitasari H (2020). Using electronic design automation and guided inquiry learning model in higher engineering education. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 8(7): 2946-2953.  https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2020.080723    [Google Scholar]
  23. Setyawan WH and Dewi EN (2022). Parental involvement and educational facilities on students' achievement through learning motivation as moderator variable, is it effective? Madrosatuna: Journal of Islamic Elementary School, 6(1): 15-23.  https://doi.org/10.21070/madrosatuna.v6i1.1565    [Google Scholar]
  24. Setyawan WH, Budiman A, Sumarno A, and Rais P (2018). Challenged solving in listening through T-Mobile learning model. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7(4.15): 443.  https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.15.25253    [Google Scholar]
  25. Setyawan WH, Budiman A, Wihara SD, Setyarini T, Rahim R, and Wajdi BNM (2019). The effect of an android-based application on T-Mobile learning model to improve students' listening competence. Journal of Physics Conference Series, 1175(1): 012217.  https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1175/1/012217    [Google Scholar]
  26. Shapiro C and Stiglitz JE (1984). Equilibrium unemployment as a worker discipline device. The American Economic Review, 74(3): 433-444.    [Google Scholar]
  27. Shi S and Shaw JD (2024). Equity theory. In: Hutchings K, Michailova S, and Wilkinson A (Eds.), A guide to key theories for human resource management research: 80-85. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, UK.  https://doi.org/10.4337/9781035308767.ch08    [Google Scholar]
  28. Sikowo DC, Namusonge GS, Makokha EN, and Nyagechi AK (2016). Determinants of employee satisfaction on organizational performance: A survey of Trans Nzoia County government. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 6(10): 77-94.  https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v6-i10/2337    [Google Scholar]
  29. Somwethee P, Aujirapongpan S, and Ru-Zhue J (2023). The influence of entrepreneurial capability and innovation capability on sustainable organization performance: Evidence of community enterprise in Thailand. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 9(2): 100082.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joitmc.2023.100082    [Google Scholar]
  30. Zhang J, Huang R, Chen Q, and Zhao G (2023). The relationships between supervisor-subordinate guanxi, perceived supervisor autonomy support, autonomous motivation, and employee job satisfaction: Evidence from international hotel chains in China. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 108: 103354.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2022.103354    [Google Scholar]
  31. Zulhelmi Z, Zakiyuddin Z, Is JM, and Kesya CN (2021). Hubungan motivasi kerja dengan kinerja perawat di puskesmas jeuram kecamatan seunagan kabupaten nagan raya. Jurnal Mahasiswa Kesehatan Masyarakat, 1(1): 1-8.  https://doi.org/10.46366/ijkmi.1.1.1-6    [Google Scholar]