International Journal of

ADVANCED AND APPLIED SCIENCES

EISSN: 2313-3724, Print ISSN: 2313-626X

Frequency: 12

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 Volume 12, Issue 12 (December 2025), Pages: 113-121

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 Original Research Paper

Second pillar of old-age pension savings in the Slovak Republic in 2024 as a tool for preventing poverty in old age

 Author(s): 

 Richard Geffert 1, *, Denisa Rovenská 2, Michaela Krajčírová 1

 Affiliation(s):

  1Department of Public Policy and Theory of Public Administration, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
  2The Center for Prevention and Counseling, Košice, Slovakia

 Full text

    Full Text - PDF

 * Corresponding Author. 

   Corresponding author's ORCID profile:  https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4873-8691

 Digital Object Identifier (DOI)

  https://doi.org/10.21833/ijaas.2025.12.011

 Abstract

This study examines the performance of the second pillar of old-age pension savings in the Slovak Republic in 2024, assessing its potential to reduce the risk of poverty in old age. The research is based on secondary analysis of statistical data from official state institutions and private pension management companies, using methods of inferential statistics. The findings indicate that in 2024, the capitalization-based second pillar achieved above-average returns, especially in progressive non-guaranteed funds. The structure of investment also changed significantly: savers allocated up to 64% of their pension savings to progressive index funds, and a total of 72% to all non-guaranteed funds combined, compared with only 28% placed in conservative bond funds. The analysis further revealed statistically significant differences in fund performance across pension management companies. Overall, the results suggest that in 2024, consistent with long-term trends since 2005, the second pillar remains one of the most effective economic, social, and political tools for preventing old-age poverty in the Slovak Republic, despite ongoing economic, political, demographic, and social risks.

 © 2025 The Authors. Published by IASE.

 This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

 Keywords

 Pension savings, Fund performance, Index funds, Old-age poverty, Statistical analysis

 Article history

 Received 1 July 2025, Received in revised form 16 November 2025, Accepted 20 November 2025

 Acknowledgment

No Acknowledgment. 

 Compliance with ethical standards

 Conflict of interest: The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

 Citation:

 Geffert R, Rovenská D, and Krajčírová M (2025). Second pillar of old-age pension savings in the Slovak Republic in 2024 as a tool for preventing poverty in old age. International Journal of Advanced and Applied Sciences, 12(12): 113-121

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 Figures

  Fig. 1

 Tables

  Table 1  Table 2  Table 3  Table 4  Table 5  Table 6  Table 7  Table 8  Table 9  Table 10  Table 11 

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